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To the buy levitra canada Editor. A weak immune response to two doses of treatment against severe acute respiratory syndrome erectile dysfunction 2 (erectile dysfunction) has been observed in recipients of solid-organ transplants.1,2 Severe cases of erectile dysfunction disease 2019 (erectile dysfunction treatment) have also been reported in transplant recipients who had received two doses of treatment.3 These reports prompted the French National Authority for Health to recommend the use of a third dose in immunosuppressed patients.4 Here, we report the humoral response in a group of 101 consecutive solid-organ transplant recipients (mean [±SD] age, 58±2 years. 69% were men) who were given three buy levitra canada doses of the messenger RNA treatment BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech). The group included 78 kidney-transplant recipients, 12 liver-transplant recipients, 8 lung-transplant or heart-transplant recipients, and 3 pancreas-transplant recipients. The first two doses were given 1 month apart, and the third dose was administered 61±1 days after the second buy levitra canada dose.

The time between transplantation and the initiation of vaccination was 97±8 months. Immunosuppression was due to the use of glucocorticoids (in 87% of patients), calcineurin inhibitors (in 79% of patients), mycophenolic acid (in 63% of patients), mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors (in 30% of patients), and belatacept (in 12% buy levitra canada of patients). The levels of antibodies to erectile dysfunction spike protein were assessed in all the patients with the use of the Wantai enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy Enterprise).5 Antibody titers are expressed as the ratio of the sample signal to a calibrator-assigned cutoff signal (the signal-to-cutoff ratio). According to French law, because this was an anonymous retrospective study, institutional review board approval was not required. Figure 1 buy levitra canada.

Figure 1. Immunogenicity. Panel A shows the prevalence of anti–severe acute respiratory syndrome erectile dysfunction 2 (erectile dysfunction) antibodies before and after vaccination in the study population. Panel B shows anti–erectile dysfunction antibody titers before and after vaccination in the study population.The prevalence of anti–erectile dysfunction antibodies was 0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0 to 4. 0 of 101 patients) before the first dose, 4% (95% CI, 1 to 10.

4 of 101 patients) before the second dose, 40% (95% CI, 31 to 51. 40 of 99 patients) before the third dose, and 68% (95% CI, 58 to 77. 67 of 99 patients) 4 weeks after the third dose (Figure 1). Among the 59 patients who had been seronegative before the third dose, 26 (44%) were seropositive at 4 weeks after the third dose (mean [±SD] signal-to-cutoff ratio, 690±293). All 40 patients who had been seropositive before the third dose were still seropositive 4 weeks later.

Their antibody titers increased from 36±12 before the third dose to 2676±350 1 month after the third dose (P<0.001). Patients who did not have an antibody response were older, had a higher degree of immunosuppression, and had a lower estimated glomerular fiation rate than patients who had an antibody response (see the Supplementary Appendix, available with the full text of this letter at NEJM.org). As of this writing, erectile dysfunction treatment had not developed in any of the patients after they received the three treatment doses. No serious adverse events were reported after the administration of the third dose, and no acute rejection episodes occurred. This study showed that administration of a third dose of the BNT162b2 treatment to solid-organ transplant recipients significantly improved the immunogenicity of the treatment, with no cases of erectile dysfunction treatment reported in any of the patients.

However, a large proportion of the patients remain at risk for erectile dysfunction treatment. Barrier measures should be maintained, and vaccination of the relatives of these patients should be encouraged. Nassim Kamar, M.D., Ph.D.Florence Abravanel, Pharm.D., Ph.D.Olivier Marion, M.D.Chloé Couat, M.Sc.Jacques Izopet, Pharm.D., Ph.D.Arnaud Del Bello, M.D.Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France [email protected] Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this letter at NEJM.org. This letter was published on June 23, 2021, at NEJM.org.5 References1. Boyarsky BJ, Werbel WA, Avery RK, et al.

Antibody response to 2-dose erectile dysfunction mRNA treatment series in solid organ transplant recipients. JAMA 2021;325:2204-2206.2. Marion O, Del Bello A, Abravanel F, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of anti-erectile dysfunction messenger RNA treatments in recipients of solid organ transplants. Ann Intern Med 2021 May 25 (Epub ahead of print).3.

Wadei HM, Gonwa TA, Leoni JC, Shah SZ, Aslam N, Speicher LL. erectile dysfunction treatment in solid organ transplant recipients after erectile dysfunction vaccination. Am J Transplant 2021 April 23 (Epub ahead of print).4. DGS-Urgent. Vaccins contre la erectile dysfunction treatment.

Modalites d’administration des rappels. 2021 (https://www.mesvaccins.net/textes/dgs_urgent_n43_vaccination_modalites_d_administration_des_rappels.pdf).Google Scholar5. Abravanel F, Miédouge M, Chapuy-Regaud S, Mansuy J-M, Izopet J. Clinical performance of a rapid test compared to a microplate test to detect total anti erectile dysfunction antibodies directed to the spike protein. J Clin Virol 2020;130:104528-104528.To the Editor.

Vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome erectile dysfunction 2 (erectile dysfunction) prevents and reduces the severity of erectile dysfunction disease 2019 (erectile dysfunction treatment) in vaccinated persons.1,2 We investigated whether vaccination would reduce transmission in the household setting in the context of postvaccination . We analyzed data from the Household Transmission Evaluation Dataset (HOSTED), which has information on all laboratory-confirmed cases of erectile dysfunction treatment in England and in which data on all persons sharing the same address are linked.3 We then linked to individual-level data on all erectile dysfunction treatment vaccinations in England (see the Methods section in the Supplementary Appendix, available with the full text of this letter at NEJM.org). We compared the risk of secondary (defined as a positive erectile dysfunction test 2 to 14 days after the positive test for the index case) among unvaccinated household contacts of persons with erectile dysfunction who had received at least one dose of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or BNT162b2 treatment 21 days or more before testing positive with the risk among unvaccinated household contacts of unvaccinated persons with . We fitted logistic-regression models with adjustment for the age and sex of the person with the index case of erectile dysfunction treatment (index patient) and the household contact, geographic region, calendar week of the index case, deprivation (a composite score of socioeconomic and other factors), and household type and size. We also considered the timing of effects among index patients who had been vaccinated at any time up to the date of the positive test.

Table 1. Table 1. Numbers of Household Contacts and Secondary Cases of erectile dysfunction treatment, According to Vaccination Status of Index Patient, and Adjusted Odds Ratios. Between January 4 and February 28, 2021, there were 960,765 household contacts of unvaccinated index patients, and there were 96,898 secondary cases of erectile dysfunction treatment (10.1%). (Descriptive data regarding the index patients and their household contacts are provided in the Summary Results section.) The numbers of secondary cases according to the vaccination status of the index patient, and the results of logistic-regression models, are shown in Table 1.

Overall, the likelihood of household transmission was approximately 40 to 50% lower in households of index patients who had been vaccinated 21 days or more before testing positive than in households of unvaccinated index patients. The findings were similar for the two treatments. Most of the vaccinated index patients in our data set (93%) had received only the first dose of treatment. Assessment of risks among household contacts according to the timing of vaccination of the index patient showed protective effects when the treatment had been administered at least 14 days before the positive test (Figs. S1 and S2 in the Supplementary Appendix).

HOSTED does not include data on symptoms or cycle-threshold values and has information only on diagnosed cases. Among index patients, those who had been vaccinated were likely to be less severely symptomatic2 and might have been less infectious than those who were unvaccinated.4 Studies that involved active follow-up of contacts and that used serologic testing have shown higher rates of household transmission than were observed in our study5. Bias could occur if case ascertainment differed between household contacts of vaccinated persons and those of unvaccinated persons. Our findings with respect to the timing of vaccination of index patients are consistent with previous data regarding the timing of individual protection after vaccination1 and thus support the overall findings. There may have been misclassification of index and secondary cases, which are determined on the basis of testing dates.

However, such misclassification would tend to attenuate the estimated protective effect of vaccination. Data are needed to inform the reduction in transmissibility of the levitra after the receipt of two treatment doses. It will be important to consider these findings alongside other emerging evidence to inform the benefits of vaccination. Ross J. Harris, Ph.D.Public Health England, London, United Kingdom [email protected]Jennifer A.

Hall, Ph.D.University College London Institute for Women’s Health, London, United KingdomAsad Zaidi, M.Sc.Nick J. Andrews, Ph.D.J. Kevin Dunbar, M.B., Ch.B.Gavin Dabrera, M.B., B.S., F.F.P.H.Public Health England, London, United Kingdom Supported by Public Health England. Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this letter at NEJM.org. The Household Transmission Evaluation Dataset (HOSTED) surveillance system was reviewed and approved by the Public Health England Research Ethics Governance Group.

The data were collected and linked by NHS Digital. The data were processed lawfully under General Data Protection Regulation Article 6(1)e and 9(2)i and shared under Regulation 3 of the Health Service (Control of Patient Information) Regulations 2002.This letter was published on June 23, 2021, at NEJM.org. Drs. Dunbar and Dabrera contributed equally to this letter. 5 References1.

Polack FP, Thomas SJ, Kitchin N, et al. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA erectile dysfunction treatment. N Engl J Med 2020;383:2603-2615.2. Bernal JL, Andrews N, Gower C, et al. Early effectiveness of erectile dysfunction treatment vaccination with BNT162b2 mRNA treatment and ChAdOx1 adenolevitra vector treatment on symptomatic disease, hospitalisations and mortality in older adults in England.

March 2, 2021 (https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.03.01.21252652v1). Preprint.Google Scholar3. Hall JA, Harris RJ, Zaidi A, Woodhall SC, Dabrera G, Dunbar JK. HOSTED — England’s Household Transmission Evaluation Dataset. Preliminary findings from a novel passive surveillance system of erectile dysfunction treatment.

Int J Epidemiol 2021 April 9 (Epub ahead of print).4. Levine-Tiefenbrun M, Yelin I, Katz R, et al. Decreased erectile dysfunction viral load following vaccination. February 8, 2021 (http://medrxiv.org/content/early/2021/02/08/2021.02.06.21251283). Preprint.Google Scholar5.

Public Health England. SARS-CoV2 susceptibility and transmission risk in children. An overview of current evidence from PHE surveillance work, 19 August 2020. 2020 (https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/phe-sars-cov2-susceptibility-and-transmission-risk-in-children-an-overview-of-current-evidence-from-phe-surveillance-work-19-august-2020).Google Scholar10.1056/NEJMc2107717-t1Table 1. Numbers of Household Contacts and Secondary Cases of erectile dysfunction treatment, According to Vaccination Status of Index Patient, and Adjusted Odds Ratios.* Vaccination Status of Index PatientHousehold ContactsSecondary CasesAdjusted Odds Ratio(95% CI)no.no.

(%)Not vaccinated before testing positive960,76596,898 (10.1)ReferenceVaccinated with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 treatment ≥21 days before testing positive3,424196 (5.7)0.52 (0.43–0.62)Vaccinated with BNT162b2 treatment ≥21 days before testing positive5,939371 (6.2)0.54 (0.47–0.62)Participants Figure 1. Figure 1. Enrollment and Randomization. The diagram represents all enrolled participants through November 14, 2020. The safety subset (those with a median of 2 months of follow-up, in accordance with application requirements for Emergency Use Authorization) is based on an October 9, 2020, data cut-off date.

The further procedures that one participant in the placebo group declined after dose 2 (lower right corner of the diagram) were those involving collection of blood and nasal swab samples.Table 1. Table 1. Demographic Characteristics of the Participants in the Main Safety Population. Between July 27, 2020, and November 14, 2020, a total of 44,820 persons were screened, and 43,548 persons 16 years of age or older underwent randomization at 152 sites worldwide (United States, 130 sites. Argentina, 1.

Brazil, 2. South Africa, 4. Germany, 6. And Turkey, 9) in the phase 2/3 portion of the trial. A total of 43,448 participants received injections.

21,720 received BNT162b2 and 21,728 received placebo (Figure 1). At the data cut-off date of October 9, a total of 37,706 participants had a median of at least 2 months of safety data available after the second dose and contributed to the main safety data set. Among these 37,706 participants, 49% were female, 83% were White, 9% were Black or African American, 28% were Hispanic or Latinx, 35% were obese (body mass index [the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters] of at least 30.0), and 21% had at least one coexisting condition. The median age was 52 years, and 42% of participants were older than 55 years of age (Table 1 and Table S2). Safety Local Reactogenicity Figure 2.

Figure 2. Local and Systemic Reactions Reported within 7 Days after Injection of BNT162b2 or Placebo, According to Age Group. Data on local and systemic reactions and use of medication were collected with electronic diaries from participants in the reactogenicity subset (8,183 participants) for 7 days after each vaccination. Solicited injection-site (local) reactions are shown in Panel A. Pain at the injection site was assessed according to the following scale.

Mild, does not interfere with activity. Moderate, interferes with activity. Severe, prevents daily activity. And grade 4, emergency department visit or hospitalization. Redness and swelling were measured according to the following scale.

Mild, 2.0 to 5.0 cm in diameter. Moderate, >5.0 to 10.0 cm in diameter. Severe, >10.0 cm in diameter. And grade 4, necrosis or exfoliative dermatitis (for redness) and necrosis (for swelling). Systemic events and medication use are shown in Panel B.

Fever categories are designated in the key. Medication use was not graded. Additional scales were as follows. Fatigue, headache, chills, new or worsened muscle pain, new or worsened joint pain (mild. Does not interfere with activity.

Moderate. Some interference with activity. Or severe. Prevents daily activity), vomiting (mild. 1 to 2 times in 24 hours.

Moderate. >2 times in 24 hours. Or severe. Requires intravenous hydration), and diarrhea (mild. 2 to 3 loose stools in 24 hours.

Moderate. 4 to 5 loose stools in 24 hours. Or severe. 6 or more loose stools in 24 hours). Grade 4 for all events indicated an emergency department visit or hospitalization.

Н™¸ bars represent 95% confidence intervals, and numbers above the 𝙸 bars are the percentage of participants who reported the specified reaction.The reactogenicity subset included 8183 participants. Overall, BNT162b2 recipients reported more local reactions than placebo recipients. Among BNT162b2 recipients, mild-to-moderate pain at the injection site within 7 days after an injection was the most commonly reported local reaction, with less than 1% of participants across all age groups reporting severe pain (Figure 2). Pain was reported less frequently among participants older than 55 years of age (71% reported pain after the first dose. 66% after the second dose) than among younger participants (83% after the first dose.

78% after the second dose). A noticeably lower percentage of participants reported injection-site redness or swelling. The proportion of participants reporting local reactions did not increase after the second dose (Figure 2A), and no participant reported a grade 4 local reaction. In general, local reactions were mostly mild-to-moderate in severity and resolved within 1 to 2 days. Systemic Reactogenicity Systemic events were reported more often by younger treatment recipients (16 to 55 years of age) than by older treatment recipients (more than 55 years of age) in the reactogenicity subset and more often after dose 2 than dose 1 (Figure 2B).

The most commonly reported systemic events were fatigue and headache (59% and 52%, respectively, after the second dose, among younger treatment recipients. 51% and 39% among older recipients), although fatigue and headache were also reported by many placebo recipients (23% and 24%, respectively, after the second dose, among younger treatment recipients. 17% and 14% among older recipients). The frequency of any severe systemic event after the first dose was 0.9% or less. Severe systemic events were reported in less than 2% of treatment recipients after either dose, except for fatigue (in 3.8%) and headache (in 2.0%) after the second dose.

Fever (temperature, ≥38°C) was reported after the second dose by 16% of younger treatment recipients and by 11% of older recipients. Only 0.2% of treatment recipients and 0.1% of placebo recipients reported fever (temperature, 38.9 to 40°C) after the first dose, as compared with 0.8% and 0.1%, respectively, after the second dose. Two participants each in the treatment and placebo groups reported temperatures above 40.0°C. Younger treatment recipients were more likely to use antipyretic or pain medication (28% after dose 1. 45% after dose 2) than older treatment recipients (20% after dose 1.

38% after dose 2), and placebo recipients were less likely (10 to 14%) than treatment recipients to use the medications, regardless of age or dose. Systemic events including fever and chills were observed within the first 1 to 2 days after vaccination and resolved shortly thereafter. Daily use of the electronic diary ranged from 90 to 93% for each day after the first dose and from 75 to 83% for each day after the second dose. No difference was noted between the BNT162b2 group and the placebo group. Adverse Events Adverse event analyses are provided for all enrolled 43,252 participants, with variable follow-up time after dose 1 (Table S3).

More BNT162b2 recipients than placebo recipients reported any adverse event (27% and 12%, respectively) or a related adverse event (21% and 5%). This distribution largely reflects the inclusion of transient reactogenicity events, which were reported as adverse events more commonly by treatment recipients than by placebo recipients. Sixty-four treatment recipients (0.3%) and 6 placebo recipients (<0.1%) reported lymphadenopathy. Few participants in either group had severe adverse events, serious adverse events, or adverse events leading to withdrawal from the trial. Four related serious adverse events were reported among BNT162b2 recipients (shoulder injury related to treatment administration, right axillary lymphadenopathy, paroxysmal ventricular arrhythmia, and right leg paresthesia).

Two BNT162b2 recipients died (one from arteriosclerosis, one from cardiac arrest), as did four placebo recipients (two from unknown causes, one from hemorrhagic stroke, and one from myocardial infarction). No deaths were considered by the investigators to be related to the treatment or placebo. No erectile dysfunction treatment–associated deaths were observed. No stopping rules were met during the reporting period. Safety monitoring will continue for 2 years after administration of the second dose of treatment.

Efficacy Table 2. Table 2. treatment Efficacy against erectile dysfunction treatment at Least 7 days after the Second Dose. Table 3. Table 3.

treatment Efficacy Overall and by Subgroup in Participants without Evidence of before 7 Days after Dose 2. Figure 3. Figure 3. Efficacy of BNT162b2 against erectile dysfunction treatment after the First Dose. Shown is the cumulative incidence of erectile dysfunction treatment after the first dose (modified intention-to-treat population).

Each symbol represents erectile dysfunction treatment cases starting on a given day. Filled symbols represent severe erectile dysfunction treatment cases. Some symbols represent more than one case, owing to overlapping dates. The inset shows the same data on an enlarged y axis, through 21 days. Surveillance time is the total time in 1000 person-years for the given end point across all participants within each group at risk for the end point.

The time period for erectile dysfunction treatment case accrual is from the first dose to the end of the surveillance period. The confidence interval (CI) for treatment efficacy (VE) is derived according to the Clopper–Pearson method.Among 36,523 participants who had no evidence of existing or prior erectile dysfunction , 8 cases of erectile dysfunction treatment with onset at least 7 days after the second dose were observed among treatment recipients and 162 among placebo recipients. This case split corresponds to 95.0% treatment efficacy (95% confidence interval [CI], 90.3 to 97.6. Table 2). Among participants with and those without evidence of prior SARS CoV-2 , 9 cases of erectile dysfunction treatment at least 7 days after the second dose were observed among treatment recipients and 169 among placebo recipients, corresponding to 94.6% treatment efficacy (95% CI, 89.9 to 97.3).

Supplemental analyses indicated that treatment efficacy among subgroups defined by age, sex, race, ethnicity, obesity, and presence of a coexisting condition was generally consistent with that observed in the overall population (Table 3 and Table S4). treatment efficacy among participants with hypertension was analyzed separately but was consistent with the other subgroup analyses (treatment efficacy, 94.6%. 95% CI, 68.7 to 99.9. Case split. BNT162b2, 2 cases.

Placebo, 44 cases). Figure 3 shows cases of erectile dysfunction treatment or severe erectile dysfunction treatment with onset at any time after the first dose (mITT population) (additional data on severe erectile dysfunction treatment are available in Table S5). Between the first dose and the second dose, 39 cases in the BNT162b2 group and 82 cases in the placebo group were observed, resulting in a treatment efficacy of 52% (95% CI, 29.5 to 68.4) during this interval and indicating early protection by the treatment, starting as soon as 12 days after the first dose..

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Any Massachusetts levitra prix hospital or hospital system facing limited capacity to care for patients will be required to reduce non-essential, non-urgent scheduled procedures beginning Monday under an emergency order announced you can try this out Tuesday by Gov. Charlie Baker.The goal of the order is to protect patients and the healthcare workforce — and levitra prix ensure capacity for immediate healthcare needs — in response to a range of challenges putting pressure on the state’s hospitals.The guidance, developed by the administration and the Massachusetts Health &. Hospital Association, was based levitra prix on several factors including what officials described as critical staff shortages stemming from the erectile dysfunction treatment levitra.This staffing shortage has contributed to the loss of approximately 500 medical/surgical and ICU hospital beds across the these details state. Other factors putting pressure on hospitals include the annual increases in hospitalization commonly seen during the period post-Thanksgiving through January.“The current strain on hospital capacity is due to longer than average hospital stays and significant workforce shortages, separate and apart from the challenges brought on by erectile dysfunction treatment,” Health and levitra prix Human Services Secretary Marylou Sudders said in a press release.The Department of Public Health defines non-essential, non-urgent scheduled procedures as procedures that are not medical emergencies.Steve Walsh, CEO of the Massachusetts Health &. Hospital Association, said part of the problem is that hospitals are seeing an influx of patients who postponed care because of the levitra.That has led to hospitals facing unprecedented capacity pressures, according to Kevin Tabb, MD, CEO of Beth Israel Lahey Health.“Although erectile dysfunction treatment-related hospitalizations are far from what they were at their peak, we are now caring for an unusually high number of patients with other health problems,” Tabb said.The number of new daily cases of erectile dysfunction treatment increased by more than 2,600 on Tuesday while the number of newly confirmed erectile dysfunction deaths in Massachusetts rose by 24.There were nearly 740 people reported hospitalized Tuesday because of confirmed cases of erectile dysfunction treatment, with about 150 in intensive care units..

Any Massachusetts hospital or hospital system facing limited capacity to care for patients will be required to reduce non-essential, non-urgent scheduled procedures buy levitra canada beginning Monday under an emergency order http://theblackcatphotography.com/?foogallery=commercial announced Tuesday by Gov. Charlie Baker.The goal of the order is to protect patients and the healthcare workforce — and ensure capacity for immediate healthcare needs — buy levitra canada in response to a range of challenges putting pressure on the state’s hospitals.The guidance, developed by the administration and the Massachusetts Health &. Hospital Association, was based on several factors including what officials described as critical staff buy levitra canada shortages stemming from the erectile dysfunction treatment levitra.This staffing shortage has contributed to the loss of approximately 500 medical/surgical and ICU hospital beds across the state.

Other factors putting pressure on hospitals include the annual increases in hospitalization commonly seen during the period post-Thanksgiving through January.“The current strain on hospital capacity is due to longer than average hospital stays buy levitra canada and significant workforce shortages, separate and apart from the challenges brought on by erectile dysfunction treatment,” Health and Human Services Secretary Marylou Sudders said in a press release.The Department of Public Health defines non-essential, non-urgent scheduled procedures as procedures that are not medical emergencies.Steve Walsh, CEO of the Massachusetts Health &. Hospital Association, said part of the problem is that hospitals are seeing an influx of patients who postponed care because of the levitra.That has led to hospitals facing unprecedented capacity pressures, according to Kevin Tabb, MD, CEO of Beth Israel Lahey Health.“Although erectile dysfunction treatment-related hospitalizations are far from what they were at their peak, we are now caring for an unusually high number of patients with other health problems,” Tabb said.The number of new daily cases of erectile dysfunction treatment increased by more than 2,600 on Tuesday while the number of newly confirmed erectile dysfunction deaths in Massachusetts rose by 24.There were nearly 740 people reported hospitalized Tuesday because of confirmed cases of erectile dysfunction treatment, with about 150 in intensive care units..

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The U.S cialis levitra and viagra. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency and the Federal Bureau of Investigation issued a reminder this week to critical infrastructure partners that bad actors are unlikely cialis levitra and viagra to take a break for the holiday season. Although neither CISA nor FBI have identified specific threats looming, they noted that previous incidents over U.S. Holidays have set a concerning cialis levitra and viagra precedent. "Recent history tells us that this could be a time when these persistent cyber actors halfway across the world are looking for ways – big and small – to disrupt the critical networks and systems belonging to organizations, businesses and critical infrastructure," said the agencies in a joint bulletin.

WHY IT MATTERS As CISA and the FBI pointed out, holidays such as Thanksgiving often mean offices are closed, and cialis levitra and viagra security professionals may be less attentive. Still, they said, organizations can take several actions to try and proactively protect against cyberattacks. They recommended that all entities, especially critical infrastructure partners, to implement best cialis levitra and viagra practices, including. Identifying IT security employees for weekends and holidays who would be available to surge during these times in the event of an incident Implementing multi-factor authentication for remote access and administrative accounts Mandating strong passwords and ensuring they are not reused across multiple accountsEnsuring remote desktop protocol is secure and monitoredReminding employees not to click on suspicious links, and conducting exercises to raise awareness The agencies also urged organizations to stay vigilant against known cybercrime techniques, such as phishing scams, fraudulent sites spoofing reputable businesses and unencrypted financial transactions. "Finally – to reduce the risk of severe business/functional degradation should your organization fall victim to a ransomware attack cialis levitra and viagra – review and, if needed, update your incident response and communication plans," said the agencies, directing organizations to ransomware awareness resources regarding holidays and weekends.

"These plans should list actions to take – and contacts to reach out to – should your organization be impacted by a ransomware incident." THE LARGER TRENDThis isn't the first time CISA and the FBI have issued a holiday ransomware warning. Before Labor Day weekend, the agencies raised similar concerns, pointing to cialis levitra and viagra attacks on critical infrastructure on Mother's Day, Memorial Day and Independence Day. It also seems, however, that hackers need no special occasion to cause a ruckus. This year has seen a rise in cyber attacks and data breaches in the healthcare sector, with more than 40 million patient records compromised by incidents reported cialis levitra and viagra to the federal government in 2021. ON THE RECORD "As Americans prepare to hit the highways and airports this Thanksgiving holiday, CISA and the FBI are reminding critical infrastructure partners that malicious cyber actors aren’t making the same holiday plans as you," said the agencies in the bulletin.

Kat Jercich cialis levitra and viagra is senior editor of Healthcare IT News.Twitter. @kjercichEmail. Kjercich@himss.orgHealthcare IT News is cialis levitra and viagra a HIMSS Media publication.Apple announced this week that it was suing NSO Group, an Israeli surveillance technology company, in federal court for allegedly accessing users' devices without authorization. In addition to damages, the tech cialis levitra and viagra giant is seeking to block NSO Group from accessing or using any Apple products, or developing spyware that could be used on Apple products in the future. "State-sponsored actors like the NSO Group spend millions of dollars on sophisticated surveillance technologies without effective accountability," said Craig Federighi, Apple’s senior vice president of software engineering, in a statement.

"That needs to change." Apple devices are "the cialis levitra and viagra most secure consumer hardware on the market," he contended, but "private companies developing state-sponsored spyware have become even more dangerous. "While these cybersecurity threats only impact a very small number of our customers, we take any attack on our users very seriously, and we’re constantly working to strengthen the security and privacy protections in iOS to keep all our users safe," Federighi added. NSO Group offered a statement to Healthcare IT News in response to requests for cialis levitra and viagra comment. "Thousands of lives were saved around the world thanks to NSO Group's technologies used by its customers," said NSO Group representatives. "Pedophiles and terrorists cialis levitra and viagra can freely operate in technological safe-havens, and we provide governments the lawful tools to fight it.

NSO Group will continue to advocate for the truth." WHY IT MATTERS NSO Group says its surveillance technology is used by government intelligence and law enforcement agencies to track criminals. But as Apple outlines in its complaint, the cialis levitra and viagra company's spyware has reportedly been used against journalists, human rights activists, dissidents, public officials and others.This month, the U.S. Department of Commerce included the NSO Group in its Entity List for "engaging in activities that are contrary to the national security or foreign policy interests of the United States." Specifically, the agency said that NSO Group had enabled foreign governments, via its spyware, to "maliciously target" individuals such as embassy workers and academics and to "conduct transnational repression." In its complaint, Apple zeroed in on "FORCEDENTRY," an exploit for a vulnerability used to break into a victim's device and install NSO Group's Pegasus spyware product. The company accused attackers of creating Apple IDs to send malicious data cialis levitra and viagra to a victim's device, which then allowed NSO Group or its clients to surreptitiously deliver Pegasus. "On information and belief, Defendants provide consulting and expert services to their clients, assist them with their deployment and use of Pegasus, and participate in their attacks on Apple devices, servers and users," according to the complaint.

Although Apple has not observed any evidence of successful remote attacks against devices running cialis levitra and viagra iOS 15 or later, it said that each attack carries substantial costs for the company, including the necessity to redirect resources. "In the meantime, on information and belief, Defendants continue with their pernicious efforts to target and harm Apple and its customers by infecting, exploiting, and misusing Apple devices and software," said the complaint. The company also announced that it would be contributing any cialis levitra and viagra damages from the lawsuit, plus an extra $10 million, to organizations pursuing cybersurveillance research and advocacy. "At Apple, we are always working to defend our users against even the most complex cyberattacks," said Ivan Krstić, head of Apple Security Engineering and Architecture, in a statement. "The steps we’re taking today will send cialis levitra and viagra a clear message.

In a free society, it is unacceptable to weaponize powerful state-sponsored spyware against those who seek to make the world a better place." THE LARGER TRENDNation-states have increasingly relied on sophisticated software to carry out governmental objectives. As Errol Weiss, H-ISAC chief security officer, pointed out in an interview with Healthcare IT News earlier this month, cyber-offensive capabilities have now become the norm, cialis levitra and viagra not the exception."A few years ago, you could count maybe a few dozen countries that had a decent, offensive cyber capability. And now it's probably the opposite," he cialis levitra and viagra said. The U.S. Government has raised the alarm cialis levitra and viagra about these developments, most recently regarding an Iran-sponsored hacker group targeting healthcare.ON THE RECORD "Our threat intelligence and engineering teams work around the clock to analyze new threats, rapidly patch vulnerabilities, and develop industry-leading new protections in our software and silicon," said Apple's Krstić in a statement."Apple runs one of the most sophisticated security engineering operations in the world, and we will continue to work tirelessly to protect our users from abusive state-sponsored actors like NSO Group," he said.

Kat Jercich is senior editor of Healthcare IT News.Twitter. @kjercichEmail. Kjercich@himss.orgHealthcare IT News is a HIMSS Media publication.The six partners of EIT Health met earlier this month in Vienna, ahead of the planned launch of Austria’s new EIT Health Regional Innovation Hub in early 2022.They discussed how the hub is going to operate across Austria and how it is going to be linked into the European network of EIT Health.WHAT’S THE IMPACTThe six partners who will jointly establish the regional EIT Health network in Austria are:The Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT)Boehringer Ingelheim RCVThe startup SanusX of the UNIQA insurance groupKapsch BusinessComthe Wild Groupand the Viennese startup service INiTS.From January 2022, the new hub based in Vienna, together with other network partners, aims to drive forward innovative digital health products and solutions while also supporting startups and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).The EIT Health Regional Innovation Hub is funded by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Digital Affairs and Economy, the Federal Ministry of Social Affairs, Health, Care and Consumer Protection, the Vienna Chamber of Commerce as well as Wirtschaftsagentur Wien.THE LARGER TRENDWith the new Austrian hub, EIT Health intends to capitalise on the opportunities of the region and to strengthen its multidisciplinary network.The European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT) is an independent EU Body that seeks to innovate European sectors by promoting and supporting ideas and entrepreneurial spirit around technology. EIT Health is the designated body for healthcare to this end.In February 2021, EIT Health funded two startups from Germany and Spain with €1.5 million for a period of two years as part of the Wild Card innovation programme.In December 2020, EIT Health launched the Catapult Competition and funded nine winning startups from the digital health, biotech and medtech sectors with a total of €1 million.ON THE RECORDDirk Holste, Research Manager and Deputy Head of the AIT Center for Health &. Bioresources and Coordinator of EIT Health Austria, commented.

€œWe are excited to be in our new premises today and conduct the first official partner meeting for the new EIT Health Regional Innovation Hub.”He continued. €œAustria has many healthcare innovation strengths including a well-developed healthcare system with widely accepted and implemented electronic health record (ELGA).“The newly created EIT Health Austria will integrate well into the already vast and vibrant network, and we look forward to addressing the health challenges facing Europe through synergistic and collaborative working with our EIT Health peers.”Jan-Philipp Beck, CEO of EIT Health, said. €œWe look forward to fruitful collaborations that can improve the lives of patients and citizens across Europe.”The UK government has launched a “far-reaching review” into the impact of potential bias in the design and use of medical devices.Race Equality Foundation CEO Jabeer Butt welcomed the review, but said it was not enough to explain the disproportionate deaths of Black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) people from erectile dysfunction treatment.The review will examine medical devices currently on the market to identify where systematic bias and risk exist and make recommendations on how these issues should be tackled in the creation of medical devices from design to use. It will also consider the enhanced risk of bias in the emerging range of algorithmic based data / artificial intelligence (AI) tools.Medical devices such as oximeters will be examined to identify potential discrepancies in how they work for different ethnic groups and whether regulations mean there is a systemic bias inherent in medical devices.Some research has concluded darker skinned patients who might need hospitalisation are at greater risk of inaccurate results from oximeters due to a tendency to present higher levels of oxygen in their blood.It will also examine MRI scanners, which are not recommended for use for pregnant or breastfeeding women.Initial findings are expected by the end of January 2022.WHY IT MATTERSerectile dysfunction treatment exposed health disparities across the country, as death rates have been higher among people from ethnic minorities.UK regulations do not currently include provisions to ensure that medical devices are equally effective regardless of demographic factors, such as ethnicity. The review is intended to accelerate the process of improving the quality and availability of devices to diverse communities.THE LARGER CONTEXT Concerns have previously been raised in the digital health space about the issue of race blind data.

It was highlighted that the data protection impact assessment (DPIA) run by Palantir on the NHS erectile dysfunction treatment data store would not be broken down by ethnicity, despite BAME people being disproportionately affected by the levitra.In January, NHS England committed to publishing ethnicity data on who received the erectile dysfunction treatment, following backlash and accusations of potential bias. ON THE RECORDHealth and social care secretary Sajid Javid, wrote in The Times. €œAlthough we have very high standards for these technologies in this country — and people should keep coming forward for the treatment they need — we urgently need to know more about the bias in these devices, and what impact it is having on the front line.”Race Equality Foundation CEO, Jabeer Butt OBE, said. "This review is welcome but is unlikely to explain the disproportionate deaths of Black, Asian and minority ethnic people, including health and care workers, during erectile dysfunction treatment. It certainly does not replace the need for an urgent public inquiry, to properly explore why the levitra had such a devastating impact on some groups in Britain.".

The U.S buy levitra canada. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security buy levitra canada Agency and the Federal Bureau of Investigation issued a reminder this week to critical infrastructure partners that bad actors are unlikely to take a break for the holiday season. Although neither CISA nor FBI have identified specific threats looming, they noted that previous incidents over U.S. Holidays have set a concerning precedent buy levitra canada. "Recent history tells us that this could be a time when these persistent cyber actors halfway across the world are looking for ways – big and small – to disrupt the critical networks and systems belonging to organizations, businesses and critical infrastructure," said the agencies in a joint bulletin.

WHY IT MATTERS As CISA and the FBI pointed out, holidays such as Thanksgiving often mean offices are closed, and buy levitra canada security professionals may be less attentive. Still, they said, organizations can take several actions to try and proactively protect against cyberattacks. They recommended that all entities, especially critical infrastructure partners, to implement best practices, buy levitra canada including. Identifying IT security employees for weekends and holidays who would be available to surge during these times in the event of an incident Implementing multi-factor authentication for remote access and administrative accounts Mandating strong passwords and ensuring they are not reused across multiple accountsEnsuring remote desktop protocol is secure and monitoredReminding employees not to click on suspicious links, and conducting exercises to raise awareness The agencies also urged organizations to stay vigilant against known cybercrime techniques, such as phishing scams, fraudulent sites spoofing reputable businesses and unencrypted financial transactions. "Finally – to reduce the risk of severe business/functional degradation should your organization fall victim to a ransomware attack – review and, if needed, update your incident response and communication plans," said the agencies, directing organizations to ransomware awareness resources regarding holidays and weekends buy levitra canada.

"These plans should list actions to take – and contacts to reach out to – should your organization be impacted by a ransomware incident." THE LARGER TRENDThis isn't the first time CISA and the FBI have issued a holiday ransomware warning. Before Labor Day weekend, the buy levitra canada agencies raised similar concerns, pointing to attacks on critical infrastructure on Mother's Day, Memorial Day and Independence Day. It also seems, however, that hackers need no special occasion to cause a ruckus. This year has seen a rise in cyber attacks and data breaches in the healthcare sector, with more than 40 million patient records compromised by incidents buy levitra canada reported to the federal government in 2021. ON THE RECORD "As Americans prepare to hit the highways and airports this Thanksgiving holiday, CISA and the FBI are reminding critical infrastructure partners that malicious cyber actors aren’t making the same holiday plans as you," said the agencies in the bulletin.

Kat Jercich is senior editor of Healthcare IT buy levitra canada News.Twitter. @kjercichEmail. Kjercich@himss.orgHealthcare IT News is a HIMSS Media publication.Apple announced this week that it was suing NSO Group, an Israeli surveillance technology company, in federal buy levitra canada court for allegedly accessing users' devices without authorization. In addition to damages, buy levitra canada the tech giant is seeking to block NSO Group from accessing or using any Apple products, or developing spyware that could be used on Apple products in the future. "State-sponsored actors like the NSO Group spend millions of dollars on sophisticated surveillance technologies without effective accountability," said Craig Federighi, Apple’s senior vice president of software engineering, in a statement.

"That needs to change." Apple devices are "the most secure consumer buy levitra canada hardware on the market," he contended, but "private companies developing state-sponsored spyware have become even more dangerous. "While these cybersecurity threats only impact a very small number of our customers, we take any attack on our users very seriously, and we’re constantly working to strengthen the security and privacy protections in iOS to keep all our users safe," Federighi added. NSO buy levitra canada Group offered a statement to Healthcare IT News in response to requests for comment. "Thousands of lives were saved around the world thanks to NSO Group's technologies used by its customers," said NSO Group representatives. "Pedophiles and terrorists can freely operate in technological safe-havens, and we provide governments the lawful tools to fight buy levitra canada it.

NSO Group will continue to advocate for the truth." WHY IT MATTERS NSO Group says its surveillance technology is used by government intelligence and law enforcement agencies to track criminals. But as Apple outlines in its complaint, the company's spyware has reportedly been used against journalists, human rights activists, dissidents, public officials and others.This month, the buy levitra canada U.S. Department of Commerce included the NSO Group in its Entity List for "engaging in activities that are contrary to the national security or foreign policy interests of the United States." Specifically, the agency said that NSO Group had enabled foreign governments, via its spyware, to "maliciously target" individuals such as embassy workers and academics and to "conduct transnational repression." In its complaint, Apple zeroed in on "FORCEDENTRY," an exploit for a vulnerability used to break into a victim's device and install NSO Group's Pegasus spyware product. The company accused attackers buy levitra canada of creating Apple IDs to send malicious data to a victim's device, which then allowed NSO Group or its clients to surreptitiously deliver Pegasus. "On information and belief, Defendants provide consulting and expert services to their clients, assist them with their deployment and use of Pegasus, and participate in their attacks on Apple devices, servers and users," according to the complaint.

Although Apple has not observed any evidence of successful remote attacks against devices running iOS 15 or later, it said that each attack carries substantial costs for the company, buy levitra canada including the necessity to redirect resources. "In the meantime, on information and belief, Defendants continue with their pernicious efforts to target and harm Apple and its customers by infecting, exploiting, and misusing Apple devices and software," said the complaint. The company also announced that it would be contributing any buy levitra canada damages from the lawsuit, plus an extra $10 million, to organizations pursuing cybersurveillance research and advocacy. "At Apple, we are always working to defend our users against even the most complex cyberattacks," said Ivan Krstić, head of Apple Security Engineering and Architecture, in a statement. "The steps we’re taking today will send a clear buy levitra canada message.

In a free society, it is unacceptable to weaponize powerful state-sponsored spyware against those who seek to make the world a better place." THE LARGER TRENDNation-states have increasingly relied on sophisticated software to carry out governmental objectives. As Errol Weiss, H-ISAC chief security officer, pointed out in an interview with Healthcare IT News earlier this month, cyber-offensive capabilities have now become the norm, not the exception."A few years ago, you could count maybe a few dozen countries that had a decent, buy levitra canada offensive cyber capability. And now buy levitra canada it's probably the opposite," he said. The U.S. Government has raised the alarm about these developments, most recently regarding an Iran-sponsored hacker group targeting healthcare.ON THE RECORD "Our threat intelligence and engineering teams work around the clock to analyze new threats, rapidly patch vulnerabilities, and develop industry-leading new protections in our software and silicon," said Apple's Krstić in a statement."Apple runs one of the most sophisticated security engineering operations in the world, and we will continue to work tirelessly to protect our users from abusive state-sponsored buy levitra canada actors like NSO Group," he said.

Kat Jercich is senior editor of Healthcare IT News.Twitter. @kjercichEmail. Kjercich@himss.orgHealthcare IT News is a HIMSS Media publication.The six partners of EIT Health met earlier this month in Vienna, ahead of the planned launch of Austria’s new EIT Health Regional Innovation Hub in early 2022.They discussed how the hub is going to operate across Austria and how it is going to be linked into the European network of EIT Health.WHAT’S THE IMPACTThe six partners who will jointly establish the regional EIT Health network in Austria are:The Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT)Boehringer Ingelheim RCVThe startup SanusX of the UNIQA insurance groupKapsch BusinessComthe Wild Groupand the Viennese startup service INiTS.From January 2022, the new hub based in Vienna, together with other network partners, aims to drive forward innovative digital health products and solutions while also supporting startups and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).The EIT Health Regional Innovation Hub is funded by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Digital Affairs and Economy, the Federal Ministry of Social Affairs, Health, Care and Consumer Protection, the Vienna Chamber of Commerce as well as Wirtschaftsagentur Wien.THE LARGER TRENDWith the new Austrian hub, EIT Health intends to capitalise on the opportunities of the region and to strengthen its multidisciplinary network.The European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT) is an independent EU Body that seeks to innovate European sectors by promoting and supporting ideas and entrepreneurial spirit around technology. EIT Health is the designated body for healthcare to this end.In February 2021, EIT Health funded two startups from Germany and Spain with €1.5 million for a period of two years as part of the Wild Card innovation programme.In December 2020, EIT Health launched the Catapult Competition and funded nine winning startups from the digital health, biotech and medtech sectors with a total of €1 million.ON THE RECORDDirk Holste, Research Manager and Deputy Head of the AIT Center for Health &. Bioresources and Coordinator of EIT Health Austria, commented.

€œWe are excited to be in our new premises today and conduct the first official partner meeting for the new EIT Health Regional Innovation Hub.”He continued. €œAustria has many healthcare innovation strengths including a well-developed healthcare system with widely accepted and implemented electronic health record (ELGA).“The newly created EIT Health Austria will integrate well into the already vast and vibrant network, and we look forward to addressing the health challenges facing Europe through synergistic and collaborative working with our EIT Health peers.”Jan-Philipp Beck, CEO of EIT Health, said. €œWe look forward to fruitful collaborations that can improve the lives of patients and citizens across Europe.”The UK government has launched a “far-reaching review” into the impact of potential bias in the design and use of medical devices.Race Equality Foundation CEO Jabeer Butt welcomed the review, but said it was not enough to explain the disproportionate deaths of Black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) people from erectile dysfunction treatment.The review will examine medical devices currently on the market to identify where systematic bias and risk exist and make recommendations on how these issues should be tackled in the creation of medical devices from design to use. It will also consider the enhanced risk of bias in the emerging range of algorithmic based data / artificial intelligence (AI) tools.Medical devices such as oximeters will be examined to identify potential discrepancies in how they work for different ethnic groups and whether regulations mean there is a systemic bias inherent in medical devices.Some research has concluded darker skinned patients who might need hospitalisation are at greater risk of inaccurate results from oximeters due to a tendency to present higher levels of oxygen in their blood.It will also examine MRI scanners, which are not recommended for use for pregnant or breastfeeding women.Initial findings are expected by the end of January 2022.WHY IT MATTERSerectile dysfunction treatment exposed health disparities across the country, as death rates have been higher among people from ethnic minorities.UK regulations do not currently include provisions to ensure that medical devices are equally effective regardless of demographic factors, such as ethnicity. The review is intended to accelerate the process of improving the quality and availability of devices to diverse communities.THE LARGER CONTEXT Concerns have previously been raised in the digital health space about the issue of race blind data.

It was highlighted that the data protection impact assessment (DPIA) run by Palantir on the NHS erectile dysfunction treatment data store would not be broken down by ethnicity, despite BAME people being disproportionately affected by the levitra.In January, NHS England committed to publishing ethnicity data on who received the erectile dysfunction treatment, following backlash and accusations of potential bias. ON THE RECORDHealth and social care secretary Sajid Javid, wrote in The Times. €œAlthough we have very high standards for these technologies in this country — and people should keep coming forward for the treatment they need — we urgently need to know more about the bias in these devices, and what impact it is having on the front line.”Race Equality Foundation CEO, Jabeer Butt OBE, said. "This review is welcome but is unlikely to explain the disproportionate deaths of Black, Asian and minority ethnic people, including health and care workers, during erectile dysfunction treatment. It certainly does not replace the need for an urgent public inquiry, to properly explore why the levitra had such a devastating impact on some groups in Britain.".

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EditorialAffiliations:1 visit the website. University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Tuberculosis, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, Tuberculosis Center Beatrixoord, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Haren,The Netherlands 2. Department of , Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK 3.

University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Pharmacy, Sydney, NSW, Australia, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW,AustraliaPublication date:01 June 2021More about this publication?. The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IJTLD) is for clinical research and epidemiological studies on lung health, including articles on TB, TB-HIV and respiratory diseases such as erectile dysfunction treatment, asthma, COPD, child lung health and the hazards of tobacco and air pollution. Individuals and institutes can subscribe to the IJTLD online or in print – simply email us at [email protected] for details.

The IJTLD is dedicated to understanding lung disease and to the dissemination of knowledge leading to better lung health. To allow us to share scientific research as rapidly as possible, the IJTLD is fast-tracking the publication of certain articles as preprints prior to their publication. Read fast-track articles.Editorial BoardInformation for AuthorsSubscribe to this TitleInternational Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung DiseasePublic Health ActionIngenta Connect is not responsible for the content or availability of external websites.

Download (PDF what i should buy with levitra 42.4 kb) No AbstractNo Reference information available - buy levitra canada sign in for access. No Supplementary Data.No Article MediaNo MetricsDocument Type. EditorialAffiliations:1. University buy levitra canada Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Tuberculosis, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, Tuberculosis Center Beatrixoord, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Haren,The Netherlands 2. Department of , Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK 3.

University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Pharmacy, Sydney, NSW, Australia, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW,AustraliaPublication date:01 June 2021More about this publication?. The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IJTLD) is for clinical research and epidemiological studies on lung health, including articles on TB, TB-HIV and respiratory diseases such as erectile dysfunction treatment, asthma, COPD, child lung health and the hazards of tobacco and air pollution. Individuals and institutes can subscribe to the IJTLD online or in print – simply email us at [email protected] for details. The IJTLD is dedicated to understanding lung disease and to the dissemination of knowledge leading to better lung health.