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NCHS Data Brief No lowest price kamagra. 286, September 2017PDF Versionpdf icon (374 KB)Anjel Vahratian, Ph.D.Key findingsData from the National Health Interview Survey, 2015Among those aged 40–59, perimenopausal women (56.0%) were more likely than postmenopausal (40.5%) and premenopausal (32.5%) women to sleep less than 7 hours, on average, in a 24-hour period.Postmenopausal women aged 40–59 were more likely than premenopausal women aged 40–59 to have trouble falling asleep (27.1% compared with 16.8%, respectively), and staying asleep (35.9% compared with 23.7%), four times or more in the past week.Postmenopausal women aged 40–59 (55.1%) were more likely than premenopausal women aged 40–59 (47.0%) to not wake up feeling well rested 4 days or more in the past week.Sleep duration and quality are important contributors to health and wellness. Insufficient sleep is associated with an increased lowest price kamagra risk for chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease (1) and diabetes (2).

Women may be particularly vulnerable to sleep problems during times of reproductive hormonal change, such as after the menopausal transition. Menopause is “the permanent lowest price kamagra cessation of menstruation that occurs after the loss of ovarian activity” (3). This data brief describes sleep duration and sleep quality among nonpregnant women aged 40–59 by menopausal status.

The age range selected for this analysis reflects the focus on midlife sleep health. In this analysis, 74.2% of women are premenopausal, 3.7% are perimenopausal, and 22.1% are lowest price kamagra postmenopausal. Keywords.

Insufficient sleep, menopause, National Health Interview lowest price kamagra Survey Perimenopausal women were more likely than premenopausal and postmenopausal women to sleep less than 7 hours, on average, in a 24-hour period.More than one in three nonpregnant women aged 40–59 slept less than 7 hours, on average, in a 24-hour period (35.1%) (Figure 1). Perimenopausal women were most likely to sleep less than 7 hours, on average, in a 24-hour period (56.0%), compared with 32.5% of premenopausal and 40.5% of postmenopausal women. Postmenopausal women were significantly more likely than premenopausal women to sleep less than 7 hours, on average, in a 24-hour period.

Figure 1 lowest price kamagra. Percentage of nonpregnant women aged 40–59 who slept less than 7 hours, on average, in a 24-hour period, by menopausal status. United States, lowest price kamagra 2015image icon1Significant quadratic trend by menopausal status (p <.

0.05).NOTES. Women were postmenopausal if they had gone without a menstrual cycle for more than 1 year or were in surgical menopause after the removal of their ovaries. Women were perimenopausal if they no longer had a menstrual cycle and lowest price kamagra their last menstrual cycle was 1 year ago or less.

Women were premenopausal if they still had a menstrual cycle. Access data table for Figure lowest price kamagra 1pdf icon.SOURCE. NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2015.

The percentage of women aged 40–59 who had trouble falling asleep four times or more in the past week varied by menopausal status.Nearly one in five nonpregnant women aged 40–59 had trouble falling asleep four times or lowest price kamagra more in the past week (19.4%) (Figure 2). The percentage of women in this age group who had trouble falling asleep four times or more in the past week increased from 16.8% among premenopausal women to 24.7% among perimenopausal and 27.1% among postmenopausal women. Postmenopausal women were significantly more likely than premenopausal women to have trouble falling asleep four times or more in the past week.

Figure 2 lowest price kamagra. Percentage of nonpregnant women aged 40–59 who had trouble falling asleep four times or more in the past week, by menopausal status. United States, 2015image icon1Significant linear trend by menopausal status (p lowest price kamagra <.

0.05).NOTES. Women were postmenopausal if they had gone without a menstrual cycle for more than 1 year or were in surgical menopause after the removal of their ovaries. Women were perimenopausal if they no longer had a menstrual cycle and their last menstrual cycle was 1 year ago or less lowest price kamagra.

Women were premenopausal if they still had a menstrual cycle. Access data table for lowest price kamagra Figure 2pdf icon.SOURCE. NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2015.

The percentage of women aged 40–59 who had trouble staying asleep four times or more in the past week varied by menopausal status.More than one in four nonpregnant women aged 40–59 had trouble staying asleep four times lowest price kamagra or more in the past week (26.7%) (Figure 3). The percentage of women aged 40–59 who had trouble staying asleep four times or more in the past week increased from 23.7% among premenopausal, to 30.8% among perimenopausal, and to 35.9% among postmenopausal women. Postmenopausal women were significantly more likely than premenopausal women to have trouble staying asleep four times or more in the past week.

Figure 3 lowest price kamagra. Percentage of nonpregnant women aged 40–59 who had trouble staying asleep four times or more in the past week, by menopausal status. United States, lowest price kamagra 2015image icon1Significant linear trend by menopausal status (p <.

0.05).NOTES. Women were postmenopausal if they had gone without a menstrual cycle for more than 1 year or were in surgical menopause after the removal of their ovaries. Women were lowest price kamagra perimenopausal if they no longer had a menstrual cycle and their last menstrual cycle was 1 year ago or less.

Women were premenopausal if they still had a menstrual cycle. Access data table lowest price kamagra for Figure 3pdf icon.SOURCE. NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2015.

The percentage of women aged 40–59 who did not wake up feeling well rested 4 days or more in the past week varied by menopausal status.Nearly one in two nonpregnant women aged 40–59 did not wake up feeling well rested 4 days or more in the past week (48.9%) (Figure 4). The percentage lowest price kamagra of women in this age group who did not wake up feeling well rested 4 days or more in the past week increased from 47.0% among premenopausal women to 49.9% among perimenopausal and 55.1% among postmenopausal women. Postmenopausal women were significantly more likely than premenopausal women to not wake up feeling well rested 4 days or more in the past week.

Figure 4 lowest price kamagra. Percentage of nonpregnant women aged 40–59 who did not wake up feeling well rested 4 days or more in the past week, by menopausal status. United States, 2015image icon1Significant linear trend by menopausal status (p <.

0.05).NOTES. Women were postmenopausal if they had gone without a menstrual cycle for more than 1 year or were in surgical menopause after the removal of their ovaries. Women were perimenopausal if they no longer had a menstrual cycle and their last menstrual cycle was 1 year ago or less.

Women were premenopausal if they still had a menstrual cycle. Access data table for Figure 4pdf icon.SOURCE. NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2015.

SummaryThis report describes sleep duration and sleep quality among U.S. Nonpregnant women aged 40–59 by menopausal status. Perimenopausal women were most likely to sleep less than 7 hours, on average, in a 24-hour period compared with premenopausal and postmenopausal women.

In contrast, postmenopausal women were most likely to have poor-quality sleep. A greater percentage of postmenopausal women had frequent trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, and not waking well rested compared with premenopausal women. The percentage of perimenopausal women with poor-quality sleep was between the percentages for the other two groups in all three categories.

Sleep duration changes with advancing age (4), but sleep duration and quality are also influenced by concurrent changes in women’s reproductive hormone levels (5). Because sleep is critical for optimal health and well-being (6), the findings in this report highlight areas for further research and targeted health promotion. DefinitionsMenopausal status.

A three-level categorical variable was created from a series of questions that asked women. 1) “How old were you when your periods or menstrual cycles started?. €.

2) “Do you still have periods or menstrual cycles?. €. 3) “When did you have your last period or menstrual cycle?.

€. And 4) “Have you ever had both ovaries removed, either as part of a hysterectomy or as one or more separate surgeries?. € Women were postmenopausal if they a) had gone without a menstrual cycle for more than 1 year or b) were in surgical menopause after the removal of their ovaries.

Women were perimenopausal if they a) no longer had a menstrual cycle and b) their last menstrual cycle was 1 year ago or less. Premenopausal women still had a menstrual cycle.Not waking feeling well rested. Determined by respondents who answered 3 days or less on the questionnaire item asking, “In the past week, on how many days did you wake up feeling well rested?.

€Short sleep duration. Determined by respondents who answered 6 hours or less on the questionnaire item asking, “On average, how many hours of sleep do you get in a 24-hour period?. €Trouble falling asleep.

Determined by respondents who answered four times or more on the questionnaire item asking, “In the past week, how many times did you have trouble falling asleep?. €Trouble staying asleep. Determined by respondents who answered four times or more on the questionnaire item asking, “In the past week, how many times did you have trouble staying asleep?.

€ Data source and methodsData from the 2015 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) were used for this analysis. NHIS is a multipurpose health survey conducted continuously throughout the year by the National Center for Health Statistics. Interviews are conducted in person in respondents’ homes, but follow-ups to complete interviews may be conducted over the telephone.

Data for this analysis came from the Sample Adult core and cancer supplement sections of the 2015 NHIS. For more information about NHIS, including the questionnaire, visit the NHIS website.All analyses used weights to produce national estimates. Estimates on sleep duration and quality in this report are nationally representative of the civilian, noninstitutionalized nonpregnant female population aged 40–59 living in households across the United States.

The sample design is described in more detail elsewhere (7). Point estimates and their estimated variances were calculated using SUDAAN software (8) to account for the complex sample design of NHIS. Linear and quadratic trend tests of the estimated proportions across menopausal status were tested in SUDAAN via PROC DESCRIPT using the POLY option.

Differences between percentages were evaluated using two-sided significance tests at the 0.05 level. About the authorAnjel Vahratian is with the National Center for Health Statistics, Division of Health Interview Statistics. The author gratefully acknowledges the assistance of Lindsey Black in the preparation of this report.

ReferencesFord ES. Habitual sleep duration and predicted 10-year cardiovascular risk using the pooled cohort risk equations among US adults. J Am Heart Assoc 3(6):e001454.

2014.Ford ES, Wheaton AG, Chapman DP, Li C, Perry GS, Croft JB. Associations between self-reported sleep duration and sleeping disorder with concentrations of fasting and 2-h glucose, insulin, and glycosylated hemoglobin among adults without diagnosed diabetes. J Diabetes 6(4):338–50.

2014.American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 141.

Management of menopausal symptoms. Obstet Gynecol 123(1):202–16. 2014.Black LI, Nugent CN, Adams PF.

Tables of adult health behaviors, sleep. National Health Interview Survey, 2011–2014pdf icon. 2016.Santoro N.

Perimenopause. From research to practice. J Women’s Health (Larchmt) 25(4):332–9.

2016.Watson NF, Badr MS, Belenky G, Bliwise DL, Buxton OM, Buysse D, et al. Recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult. A joint consensus statement of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society.

J Clin Sleep Med 11(6):591–2. 2015.Parsons VL, Moriarity C, Jonas K, et al. Design and estimation for the National Health Interview Survey, 2006–2015.

National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 2(165). 2014.RTI International.

SUDAAN (Release 11.0.0) [computer software]. 2012. Suggested citationVahratian A.

Sleep duration and quality among women aged 40–59, by menopausal status. NCHS data brief, no 286. Hyattsville, MD.

National Center for Health Statistics. 2017.Copyright informationAll material appearing in this report is in the public domain and may be reproduced or copied without permission. Citation as to source, however, is appreciated.National Center for Health StatisticsCharles J.

Rothwell, M.S., M.B.A., DirectorJennifer H. Madans, Ph.D., Associate Director for ScienceDivision of Health Interview StatisticsMarcie L. Cynamon, DirectorStephen J.

Blumberg, Ph.D., Associate Director for Science.

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Consider a scenario where, at the start of an appointment with a therapist, she explains to you that ‘the success of the therapy will depend on your own positive expectations, the respect and esteem that you have for me as a qualified health professional, the warm tone and empathic approach that I adopt towards you, and the trust that you place Read Full Article in me, during the kamagra oral jelly 100mg reviews course of treatment’. You might find this transparency about kamagra oral jelly 100mg reviews the therapeutic process to be refreshingly honest. You might, however, be surprised if this openness turned out to be an ethical obligation that she owed you. Yet, for some commentators, this ‘open’ approach to psychotherapy – where there is openness about the common factors that can explain the efficacy of the therapy –is required by ethical standards of informed consent and (more generally) respect for patient autonomy.In this edition of the Journal of Medical Ethics, Garson Leder formulates two responses to this type of ‘open kamagra oral jelly 100mg reviews therapy claim’.

That ‘….informed consent does not require the practitioners ‘go open’ about the therapeutic common factors in psychotherapy, and clarity about the mechanism of change shows us that…psychotherapy, as it is commonly practiced, is not deceptive…’.1 This edition also contains a comment by Charlotte Blease on Leder’s paper, and a response by Leder to Blease’s comment. All of which makes for an engaging exchange between a proponent of, and an opponent to, open therapy.The open therapy claim stems from ‘common factors findings in psychotherapy’, specifically, the consensus that there is a set of “common factors mediate some, and possibly most, of the ameliorative effects in psychotherapeutic interventions”.1 These factors include:client characteristics (eg, positive expectations and hope), therapist qualities (eg, the ability to kamagra oral jelly 100mg reviews cultivate positive client characteristics), change processes (eg, the acceptance of a theoretical rationale for the therapy on offer), treatment structure (eg, the delivery of concrete treatments and techniques) and therapeutic relationship (eg, the development of a working alliance between therapist and patient).1There are, therefore, common factors that help explain the efficacy of therapy that are incidental to the theory that grounds or explains the specific psychotherapeutic intervention. Since these incidental common factors – client characteristics, therapist qualities, and the therapeutic relationship – are necessary components to a sufficient understanding of the efficacy of psychotherapy, we can appreciate why proponents of open therapy want patients to be informed of these ‘incidental’ common factors that explain why therapy works (when it does work).Leder’s response to open therapy, is to differentiate between mechanisms of change and mediators of change. The mechanisms of change amount to ‘the reasons why change occurred or how change came about’ whereas the mediators are the ‘variables that are statistically correlated with this change’.1 kamagra oral jelly 100mg reviews In Leder’s example of cognitive therapy, he explains that where a therapist seeks to address maladaptive cognitions (ie, thoughts, beliefs, and assumptions), the therapist may adopt techniques of ‘identifying and challenging maladaptive thoughts and beliefs and training patients to challenge maladaptive patterns of thought (eg, all-or-nothing thinking, catastrophising, and overgeneralisation)’.1 In order to explain the therapy, the therapist may then make a ‘theory-specific claim’ about the intervention, that it ‘works by modifying maladaptive core beliefs’.1 Leder argues that, while it remains true that the incidental common factors also explain ‘how it works’, one is a mechanism for change (that needs to be explained to the patient), the others are mediators for the change.For Blease, this will not do.

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That ‘….informed consent does not require the practitioners ‘go open’ about the therapeutic common factors in psychotherapy, and clarity about the mechanism of change shows us that…psychotherapy, as it is commonly practiced, is not deceptive…’.1 This edition also contains a comment by Charlotte Blease on Leder’s paper, and a response by Leder to Blease’s comment. All of which makes for an engaging exchange between a proponent of, and an opponent to, open therapy.The open therapy claim stems from ‘common factors findings in psychotherapy’, specifically, the consensus that there is a set of “common factors mediate some, and possibly most, of the ameliorative effects in psychotherapeutic interventions”.1 These factors include:client characteristics (eg, positive expectations and hope), therapist qualities (eg, the ability to cultivate positive client characteristics), change processes (eg, the acceptance of a theoretical rationale for the therapy on offer), treatment structure (eg, the delivery of concrete treatments and techniques) and therapeutic relationship (eg, the development of a working alliance between therapist and patient).1There lowest price kamagra are, therefore, common factors that help explain the efficacy of therapy that are incidental to the theory that grounds or explains the specific psychotherapeutic intervention. Since these incidental common factors – client characteristics, therapist qualities, and the therapeutic relationship – are necessary components to a sufficient understanding of the efficacy of psychotherapy, we can appreciate why proponents of open therapy want patients to be informed of these ‘incidental’ common factors that explain why therapy works (when it does work).Leder’s response to open therapy, is to differentiate between mechanisms of change and mediators of change. The mechanisms of change amount to ‘the reasons why change occurred or how change came about’ whereas the mediators are the ‘variables that are statistically correlated with this change’.1 In Leder’s example of cognitive therapy, he explains that where a therapist seeks to address maladaptive cognitions (ie, thoughts, beliefs, and assumptions), the therapist may adopt techniques of ‘identifying and challenging maladaptive thoughts and beliefs and training patients to challenge maladaptive patterns of thought (eg, all-or-nothing thinking, catastrophising, and overgeneralisation)’.1 In order to explain lowest price kamagra the therapy, the therapist may then make a ‘theory-specific claim’ about the intervention, that it ‘works by modifying maladaptive core beliefs’.1 Leder argues that, while it remains true that the incidental common factors also explain ‘how it works’, one is a mechanism for change (that needs to be explained to the patient), the others are mediators for the change.For Blease, this will not do.

Her concern is that, given the enormous difficulty in isolating and testing the ‘efficacy of the so-called specific factors of any psychological modality’, it entirely plausible that the important agents of change are the mediators themselves, and the mechanisms may even be immaterial to the efficacy of any given therapy.2 Which is why ‘ethicists have argued patients should know about them’.2 According to Blease, until basic research can ‘take up the baton’ and provide ‘a clear mechanistic explanation about how a treatment is effective’,2 psychotherapy should be open therapy.Leder’s response to the problem of isolating and testing the efficacy of therapeutic interventions is also call for openness. But it is an openness lowest price kamagra about the uncertainty that surrounds the therapeutic intervention (the mechanism) itself. Since ‘there is currently no consensus about mechanisms of change in psychotherapy’, Leder suggests that patients need to be informed that ‘the therapy on…is based on disputed theoretical foundations’ and that ‘theory-specific techniques are not necessary for healing’.3 At dispute, therefore, is how open should open therapy be. An openness about what we know about how the therapeutic intervention (the mechanism) works or an openness about what we know about how therapy (the mechanism and the mediators) works.Both Leder and Blease seem to agree on one thing, at least lowest price kamagra.

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This ‘deception’ claim is based on the findings that some, and possibly most, of the ameliorative effects in psychotherapeutic interventions are mediated by therapeutic common factors shared by successful treatments (eg, expectancy effects and therapist effects), rather than because of theory-specific techniques. These findings have led to claims that psychotherapy is, at lowest price kamagra least partly, likely a placebo, and that practitioners of psychotherapy have a duty to ‘go open’ to patients about the role of common factors in therapy (even if this risks negatively affecting the efficacy of treatment). To not ‘go open’ is supposed to unjustly restrict patients’ autonomy. This paper makes two related arguments against lowest price kamagra the ‘go open’ claim.

(1) While therapies ought to provide patients with sufficient information to make informed treatment decisions, informed consent does not require that practitioners ‘go open’ about therapeutic common factors in psychotherapy, and (2) clarity about the mechanisms of change in psychotherapy shows us that the common-factors findings are consistent with, rather than undermining of, the truth of many theory-specific forms of psychotherapy. Psychotherapy, as it lowest price kamagra is commonly practiced, is not deceptive and is not a placebo. The call to ‘go open’ should be resisted and may have serious detrimental effects on patients via the dissemination of a false view about how therapy works.psychotherapyinformed consentpaternalismethics.

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Chris Hemsworth’s Instagram.The actor, who has just announced lowest price kamagra he’s been cast in George Miller’s long-awaited Mad Max spin-off, regularly shares the most, let’s say ‘picturesque’ photos, of himself on Instagram – and we live for them. From topless pics to Hemsworth holding cute animals, his ‘gram is truly easy on the eyes and will calm your stress levels right away.So as an act of service, we’ve rounded up ALL Chris Hemsworth’s best pics - because why the He-msworth not?. You’re welcome.Like what you see?.

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Ugh, he's lowest price kamagra a family man, too. He's way too good.How does he make THIS look hot?. Imagine him proposing to you under the Eiffel Tower.

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But scammers are getting more sophisticated in how they make their messages appear legitimate, reviewing previous messages from the person they’re imitating and gleaning information from social media to personalize the email.They might imitate an employee’s direct supervisor or even an executive, while asking them to wire money for a supposedly pending transaction or to buy gift cards for an upcoming event.Scammers sending phishing emails have also tried to prey on the urgency around the erectile dysfunction treatment crisis, posing as if they’re selling gloves and masks amid a shortage of such supplies.“A lot of the time, phishing emails are going to rely on a certain emotion,” said James McQuiggan, a security awareness advocate at IT security training company KnowBe4.If something seems unusual, employees should be encouraged to trust their gut and double-check with executives to get a clear sign-off on the transaction they’ve been asked to make—particularly if it’s for a large sum of money. €œTrust, but verify,” McQuiggan said. €œSometimes it takes a couple extra seconds to save what potentially could be millions lost.”4) Fake job listingsScammers will advertise job listings that organizations aren’t actually hiring for and work their way through a fraudulent hiring process—all the way through interviewing applicants and sending a fake job offer. The scammers then collect the victim’s personal and banking information when they accept the fake job.Even though the scammers aren’t targeting hospitals directly in these scams, it can hurt an organization’s reputation.Hospitals’ HR departments should regularly monitor mentions of the organizations’ job listings online in an effort to catch these scams, DeFord suggested. €œIf you’re mentioned, and it’s something like this, get on it right away,” he said, recommending hospitals report incidents to the FBI and local law enforcement.

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The Journal of the Alzheimer’s Association.“The more we can incorporate green leafy vegetables, other vegetables, berries, olive oil, and fish into our diets, the better it is for our aging brains and bodies. Other studies show that red and processed meat, fried food and low whole grains intake are associated with higher inflammation and faster cognitive decline in older ages,” Puja Agarwal, a nutritional epidemiologist and assistant professor in the Department of Internal Medicine at Rush Medical College, said in a news release. €œTo benefit from diets such as the Mediterranean diet … we would have to limit our consumption of processed foods and other unhealthy foods such as fried foods and sweets.”One thing the kamagra did not slow down in 2020 was the rash of cyberattacks on healthcare organizations. The year ended with a record number of data breaches—641—being reported to HHS, and that number will surely grow.But ransomware and other breaches into systems aren't the only dangers healthcare organizations need to defend against. Cybersecurity experts warn about four common scams they’ve seen permeating the industry.1) Fake treatment appointmentsPeople are “desperate and eagerly awaiting treatment information,” said David Nides, a principal at consulting firm KPMG’s cybersecurity services practice who works with healthcare and life sciences organizations—and scammers haven’t hesitated to take advantage of that.In Florida, scammers early this month set up an online registration site posing as local health departments, charging seniors for vaccination appointments that didn't actually exist.These scams are not only taking place online—in the case above, the fake appointment scheme was posted on website Eventbrite—but also through email, telephone calls and text messages, according to Nides.

Scammers might employ caller-ID spoofing, so that it appears as if a her latest blog phone call is coming from a local hospital and pose as a worker scheduling patients for treatment appointments while requesting demographic and payment information.Many of the treatment scams Nides has seen are targeting healthcare workers, specifically, since the attackers know they’re first in line for the treatments.He suggested hospitals raise awareness about their process for administering treatments so workers know what to anticipate and what to be skeptical of.2) Fake invoicesBusiness email compromise—in which a scammer infiltrates or spoofs legitimate email accounts to redirect money—is “one of the most financially damaging online crimes,” according to the Federal Bureau of Investigation.In some cases, a scammer will break into a finance worker’s email account and spend weeks learning the patterns of when and how certain companies tend to send invoices. Then, they’ll set up a filter to automatically direct future invoices into a “trash” or “spam” folder—and either change the routing and bank account numbers before placing it back in the inbox, or generate their own message and invoice that looks the same, but with their own financial information.If a scammer has infiltrated email addresses of top executives or supervisors, they can even create fake email exchanges pretending to approve the change in payment, to make it look more believable.“It looks perfectly legitimate. The email is normal—the invoice looks great, no problems,” said Drex DeFord, healthcare executive strategist at cybersecurity consulting firm CI Security and a former health system chief information officer. So the employee processes the invoice and pays it.To prevent against that type of scam, he suggested hospitals establish processes that flag changes to payment methods and confirm adjustments with vendors directly before processing.“Have good processes built,” DeFord said. €œIf you follow (the) processes, it becomes way harder to fall for one of these scams.”3) Fake email requestsEmail phishing, where a cybercriminal sends a message while posing as a trusted source, such as a CEO, isn’t new.

But scammers are getting more sophisticated in how they make their messages appear legitimate, reviewing previous messages from the person they’re imitating and gleaning information from social media to personalize the email.They might imitate an employee’s direct supervisor or even an executive, while asking them to wire money for a supposedly pending transaction or to buy gift cards for an upcoming event.Scammers sending phishing emails have also tried to prey on the urgency around the erectile dysfunction treatment crisis, posing as if they’re selling gloves and masks amid a shortage of such supplies.“A lot of the time, phishing emails are going to rely on a certain emotion,” said James McQuiggan, a security awareness advocate at IT security training company KnowBe4.If something seems unusual, employees should be encouraged to trust their gut and double-check with executives to get a clear sign-off on the transaction they’ve been asked to make—particularly if it’s for a large sum of money. €œTrust, but verify,” McQuiggan said. €œSometimes it takes a couple extra seconds to save what potentially could be millions lost.”4) Fake job listingsScammers will advertise job listings that organizations aren’t actually hiring for and work their way through a fraudulent hiring process—all the way through interviewing applicants and sending a fake job offer. The scammers then collect the victim’s personal and banking information when they accept the fake job.Even though the scammers aren’t targeting hospitals directly in these scams, it can hurt an organization’s reputation.Hospitals’ HR departments should regularly monitor mentions of the organizations’ job listings online in an effort to catch these scams, DeFord suggested. €œIf you’re mentioned, and it’s something like this, get on it right away,” he said, recommending hospitals report incidents to the FBI and local law enforcement.

€œTry to get these things nipped in the bud.”.